A Comprehensive Study on Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) Abstract In the modern digital era, where data transmission over public networks has become an integral part of daily life, ensuring security, privacy, and confidentiality of information is a major challenge. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) have emerged as a crucial technology that enables secure communication over insecure public networks such as the Internet. This journal presents a detailed study of VPNs, covering their definition, historical development, working principles, protocols, types, applications, advantages, limitations, and future scope. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive understanding of VPN technology and its significance in today’s interconnected world. 1. Introduction The rapid growth of the Internet and cloud-based services has revolutionized communication, business operations, and information sharing. However, this expansion has also increased the risks associated with data interception,...